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Oil
Analysis |
How the Oil Analysis Program (OAP) Works
OAP is a 4-step
process:
(1)
Registration
(2) Sampling
(3) Analysis
(4) Diagnostic Reporting |
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Note:
We do NOT test
any aircraft/aviation oils.
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Step 1 - Registration
1. Begin the OAP
process by purchasing a sampling kit. Simply call Oil Analyzers Inc.
at (715) 395-0222 for pricing information or to order kits (and a
sample pump if desired). You may purchase kits singly or in
quantities of 50 or 100, with lower per-kit prices for larger
orders.
2. Upon receipt of your
order, OAI will immediately send out your sample kit, which includes
sample bottle, sample information form and mailer.
Step 2 - Sampling
1. Read the Oil
Sampling Procedures on the back of the sample information form.
2. Fill out the Sample
Information Form completely.
3. Take a sample
(minimum: 2 to 3 oz).
4. Close and seal
sample container tightly.
5. Send the filled
sample container and the Sample Information Form to OAI
(Assisted by Endurance Synthetics, LLC) in the
supplied mailer.
Step 3 - Analysis
Upon receipt of your sample at the Oil Analyzers Inc. laboratory,
all requisite testing will be performed. All analyses include
determination of viscosity, fuel dilution (if applicable), water, dirt
content, fuel soot contamination (if applicable), plus spectrochemical
analysis for 20 elements to determine component wear, airborne dirt,
anti-freeze contamination (if applicable), and oil additive
concentrations.
The analyses also
includes a neutralization value determination - Total Base Number, TBN
(primarily for gasoline and diesel motor oils) or Total Acid Number,
TAN (non-crankcase lubricants). Oxidation values and nitration value
(if applicable) are also determined
Step 4 - Reporting
1. OAI will mail your
analysis report to you the day your sample is analyzed. For even
faster results, request that your results be faxed to you, or go
online and register to get your results online. (Assisted
by Endurance Synthetics, LLC)
2. If your analysis
uncovers a critical problem, such as pending equipment failure, a
technician will telephone you directly to advise you of the
situation and recommend a course of corrective action.
The Sampling Process
Trend Analysis
A single sampling
analysis is useful in providing information when critical failure
conditions exist. However, trend analysis is a better tool for
estimating the useful life or overall condition of your engine or
equipment. Trend analysis samples are taken and analyzed at regularly
scheduled intervals. Comparing the most recent analysis to previous
reports on a given machine shows the development of trends. Monitoring
these trends enables early detection of internal abnormalities. Tested
values falling within acceptable limits may show a pattern of subtle
variance, which could signal a developing problem.
Machines of the same type
will accumulate contaminants and wear at different rates. Performing
trend analysis on each machine is the most effective method of giving
you an internal look at your equipment and enabling you to deal with
developing problems before they become catastrophic situations.
Sampling Frequency
The frequency of sample
analysis from your equipment depends on the machine type, machine
application and condition, operating environment and other variables.
For example, many machines that operate in harsh environments, such as
heavy equipment in mining or construction, require short oil sampling
intervals - every 100 to 300 operating hours. However, certain power
transmission systems, such as gearboxes and hydraulic systems used
inside manufacturing and production facilities, require no more than
quarterly sampling intervals. The following table lists generic
sampling frequencies for common equipment types, and is provided as a
guideline only. Additional information is available from Oil Analyzers
Inc., your lubricant supplier, and the equipment manufacturer.
Collecting a clean and
representative oil sample is critical to the oil analysis process. Put
simply, an oil analysis is only as good as the sample taken. The
accuracy and reliability of the data produced by an analysis hinges on
receiving a representative sample from the equipment to be tested. To
assure that the sample extracted is representative of the system,
always follow proper sampling procedures.
|
EQUIPMENT TYPE |
TEST
PACKAGE |
RECOMMENDED SAMPLING FREQUENCY |
|
MOTOR
VEHICLES |
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|
|
Diesel
engines |
Basic
with TBN |
100 -
500 hours, 3500 - 20,000 miles |
|
Gasoline
engines |
Basic
with TBN |
50 - 200
hours, 2000 - 7500 miles |
|
Transmissions |
Basic
with TAN |
30,000 -
100,000 miles |
|
Gears,
differentials, final drives |
Basic
with TAN |
30,000 -
100,000 miles |
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INDUSTRIAL |
|
Normal Use Intermittent Use |
|
Hydraulics |
Basic
with TAN |
750
hours or monthly Quarterly |
|
Gas
turbines |
Basic
with TAN |
750
hours or monthly Quarterly |
|
Steam
turbines |
Basic
with TAN |
1500
hours or bimonthly Quarterly |
|
Air or
gas compressors |
Basic
with TAN |
750
hours or monthly Quarterly |
|
Refrigeration compressors |
Basic
with TAN |
Quarterly |
|
Natural
gas engines |
Basic
with TAN |
750
hours or monthly |
|
Gears
and bearings (industrial) |
Basic
with TAN |
1500
hours or bimonthly Quarterly |
SAMPLING METHODS
1. The component sampled
should be brought to operating temperature prior to sampling. This
will assure that the insoluble and semi-soluble material is suspended
evenly throughout the system. Samples taken from components that have
been inactive for long periods are not representative.
2. Sample should always
be taken in the same manner and from the same point.
3. Do not sample a
component directly after an oil change or after a large amount of
makeup oil has been added.
4. Use a clean, dry,
unbreakable container. Never reuse containers or sampling tubing.
Collect your sample using
one of the three following methods:
1. Sample Pump
Method (see instructions for use)
Request a sample pump
when ordering your sample kit. The pump will come with complete
instructions and will enable you to draw a sample quickly and
easily. Seal the bottle tightly.
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G-1206 Oil Suction Pump with 10-foot hose |
2. Sample
Valve/Petcock Method
The valve should be
wiped clean and any stagnant oil should be drained prior to catching
a sample run. Seal the bottle tightly. Wipe bottle clean.
3. Oil Drain Method
Clean the area around
the drain plug thoroughly to avoid sample contamination. Allow oil
to drain for three to five seconds prior to catching a sample. Place
a clean, dry sample bottle in the oil stream and fill to within 1/2
inch of the top. Seal bottle tightly. Wipe bottle clean.
SAMPLING TIPS
- For best results, oil
samples should be taken immediately after equipment shutdown, while
the equipment is still at operating temperature. Never sample a cold
engine and always make sure the oil has been well circulated before
taking a sample. Dirt, water and other debris tend to settle to the
bottom of the reservoir while light fuels tend to float. This
separation will compromise your analysis.
- Good locations for
sampling include an oil gallery, the engine crankcase, the drain
plug or dipstick tube and the equipment reservoir or sump.
- When taking oil from
industrial machinery through a bottom drain, be careful to draw oil
until your sample has a uniform, representative appearance.
- Use samples from the
drain pan or oil filter only as a last resort. For a failed engine
that has had the oil drained, a drain pan or oil filter sample may
help detect the cause of the failure.
- Avoid prolonged skin
contact with used oil. Wash exposed skin with soap and water after
exposure.
CAUTION
Engine
crankcase oil temperatures can exceed 200°F. To avoid personal injury,
use protective equipment such as gloves, safety glasses and protective
clothing.
SPECIAL
TESTS AVAILABLE
|
Tests |
Lube Tested |
Method |
Qty Req'd |
| Cloud
point |
Diesel Fuel |
ASTM D 2500 |
2 oz |
| Cold
Cranking Simulator |
Engine Oil |
ASTM D 5293 |
1 oz |
| Color
Test |
Any |
ASTM D 1500 |
2 oz |
| Cone
Penetration of Lubricating Grease |
Grease |
ASTM D 217 |
1 lb |
|
Corrosion, Copper Strip |
Any |
ASTM D 130 |
2 oz |
|
Density |
Any |
ASTM D 1298 |
1 qt |
| Falex
Pin & V-Block Test; per run |
Gear Lube |
ASTM D 3233 |
4 oz |
| Flash
and Fire Point - (COC) Cleveland Open Cup |
Any |
ASTM D 92 |
3 oz |
| Flash
Point - (PMCC) Pensky-Marten Closed Cup |
Any |
ASTM D 93 |
3 oz |
| Foam
Stability Sequences I, II, III |
Any |
ASTM D 892 |
1 qt |
| *Fuel
Dilution, % |
Engine Oil |
FTIR |
1 oz |
| *Fuel
Soot, % |
Engine Oil |
FTIR |
1 oz |
|
Four-Ball Wear Characteristics |
Any |
ASTM D 4172 |
4 oz |
| *FTIR
Infrared Analysis |
Any |
FTIR - Scan |
1 oz |
|
Glycol Base Anti-Freeze Determination in Oils |
Engine Oil |
ASTM D 2982 |
1 oz |
|
*Metals Analysis |
Any |
ICP |
1 oz |
|
**Neutralization Number - Total Acid Number |
Any |
ASTM D 664 |
1 oz |
|
**Neutralization Number - Total Base Number |
Any |
ASTM D 2896 |
1 oz |
|
*Nitration, % |
Engine Oil |
FTIR |
1 oz |
| NOACK
Volatility, % Weight Loss |
Engine Oil |
DIN 51581 |
4 oz |
|
*Oxidation, % |
Any |
FTIR |
1 oz |
| pH
Range |
Any |
|
1 oz |
| Pour
Point |
Any |
ASTM D 97 |
4 oz |
|
Refractive Index |
Any |
|
1 oz |
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*Viscosity, measured in cSt, specify temperature |
Any |
ASTM D 445 |
2 oz |
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Viscosity Index (Includes 100°C & 40°C Viscosities) |
Any |
ASTM D 2270 |
4 oz |
| Water
by Distillation |
Any |
ASTM D 95 |
2 oz |
| Water
by Mobil Crackle Test |
Any |
MOBIL |
2 oz |
| Water
by Karl Fisher |
Any |
ASTM D 1123 |
1 oz |
| Water
Separability - Petroleum Oils and Syn. Fluids |
Any |
ASTM D 1401 |
4 oz |
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*Also included in
standard test package |
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**TAN or TBN included
in standard test package |
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Other special tests
available upon request |
Click Here for Pricing |